Introduction to logic / Irving M. Copi.
Editor: New York : Macmillan, c1961Edición: 2nd edDescripción: xviii, 512 p. ; 22 cmOtra clasificación: 03-01Contents Preface to Second Edition vii Preface to First Edition ix PART ONE. LANGUAGE Chapter One. Introduction [3] I. What Is Logic? [3] II. Some Technical Terms [3] Chapter Two. The Uses of Language [21] I. Three Basic Functions of Language [21] II. Discourse Serving Multiple Functions [25] III. The Forms of Discourse [28] IV. Emotive Words [37] V. Kinds of Agreement and Disagreement [40] VI. Emotively Neutral Language [47] Chapter Three. Informal Fallacies [52] I. Fallacies of Relevance [53] II. Fallacies of Ambiguity [73] III. The Avoidance of Fallacies [84] Chapter Four. Definition [89] I. Five Purposes of Definition [89] II. Verbal Disputes and Definition [95] III. Five Types of Definition [99] IV. Various Kinds of Meaning [107] V. Techniques for Defining [113] VI. Rules for Definition by Genus and Difference [122] PART TWO. DEDUCTION Chapter Five. Categorical Propositions [133] I. Categorical Propositions and Classes [133] II. Quality, Quantity, and Distribution [138] III. The Traditional Square of Opposition [142] IV. Further Immediate Inferences [146] V. Existential Import [154] VI. Symbolism and Diagrams for Categorical Propositions [159] Chapter Six. Categorical Syllogisms [168] I. Standard-Form Categorical Syllogisms [168] II. The Formal Nature of Syllogistic Argument [172] III. Venn Diagram Technique for Testing Syllogisms [176] IV. Rules and Fallacies [187] Chapter Seven. Arguments in Ordinary Language [198] I. Reducing the Number of Terms in a Categorical Syllogism [198] II. Translating Categorical Propositions into Standard Form [202] III. Uniform Translation [210] IV. Enthymemes [215] V. Sorites [218] VI. Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogisms [222] VII. The Dilemma [227] Chapter Eight. Symbolic Logic [235] I. The Value of Special Symbols [235] II. The Symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction [237] III. Implications and Material Implication [245] IV. Argument Forms and Arguments [253] V. Statement Forms and Statements [264] VI. The Paradoxes of Material Implication [269] VII. The Three “Laws of Thought” [271] Chapter Nine. Evaluating Extended Arguments [274] I. Formal Proof of Validity [274] II. Proof of Invalidity [292] III. Inconsistency [295] Chapter Ten. Propositional Functions [302] I. Singular Propositions [302] II. Quantification [305] III. Traditional Subject-Predicate Propositions [308] IV. Proving Validity [315] V. Proving Invalidity [323] VI. Asyllogistic Inference [327] PART THREE. INDUCTION Chapter Eleven. Analogy and Probable Inference [337] I. Argument by Analogy [337] II. Appraising Analogical Arguments [343] Chapter Twelve. Causal Connections: Mill’s Methods of Experimental Inquiry [355] I. The Meaning of “Cause” [355] II. Mill’s Methods [363] III. Criticisms of Mill’s Methods [392] IV. Vindication of Mill’s Methods [401] Chapter Thirteen. Science and Hypothesis [416] I. The Values of Science [416] II. Explanations: Scientific and Unscientific [419] III. Evaluating Scientific Explanations [426] IV. The Detective as Scientist [433] V. Scientists in Action: The Pattern of Scientific Investigation [445] VI. Crucial Experiments and Ad Hoc Hypotheses [451] VII. Classification as Hypothesis [459] Chapter Fourteen. Probability [474] I. Alternative Conceptions of Probability [474] II. The Probability Calculus [479] Index [501]
| Item type | Home library | Shelving location | Call number | Materials specified | Status | Date due | Barcode | Course reserves |
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Instituto de Matemática, CONICET-UNS | Libros ordenados por tema | 03 C783i-2 (Browse shelf) | Available | A-1645 |
Contents --
Preface to Second Edition vii --
Preface to First Edition ix --
PART ONE. LANGUAGE --
Chapter One. Introduction [3] --
I. What Is Logic? [3] --
II. Some Technical Terms [3] --
Chapter Two. The Uses of Language [21] --
I. Three Basic Functions of Language [21] --
II. Discourse Serving Multiple Functions [25] --
III. The Forms of Discourse [28] --
IV. Emotive Words [37] --
V. Kinds of Agreement and Disagreement [40] --
VI. Emotively Neutral Language [47] --
Chapter Three. Informal Fallacies [52] --
I. Fallacies of Relevance [53] --
II. Fallacies of Ambiguity [73] --
III. The Avoidance of Fallacies [84] --
Chapter Four. Definition [89] --
I. Five Purposes of Definition [89] --
II. Verbal Disputes and Definition [95] --
III. Five Types of Definition [99] --
IV. Various Kinds of Meaning [107] --
V. Techniques for Defining [113] --
VI. Rules for Definition by Genus and Difference [122] --
PART TWO. DEDUCTION --
Chapter Five. Categorical Propositions [133] --
I. Categorical Propositions and Classes [133] --
II. Quality, Quantity, and Distribution [138] --
III. The Traditional Square of Opposition [142] --
IV. Further Immediate Inferences [146] --
V. Existential Import [154] --
VI. Symbolism and Diagrams for --
Categorical Propositions [159] --
Chapter Six. Categorical Syllogisms [168] --
I. Standard-Form Categorical Syllogisms [168] --
II. The Formal Nature of Syllogistic Argument [172] --
III. Venn Diagram Technique for Testing Syllogisms [176] --
IV. Rules and Fallacies [187] --
Chapter Seven. Arguments in Ordinary Language [198] --
I. Reducing the Number of Terms in a Categorical Syllogism [198] --
II. Translating Categorical Propositions into Standard Form [202] --
III. Uniform Translation [210] --
IV. Enthymemes [215] --
V. Sorites [218] --
VI. Disjunctive and Hypothetical Syllogisms [222] --
VII. The Dilemma [227] --
Chapter Eight. Symbolic Logic [235] --
I. The Value of Special Symbols [235] --
II. The Symbols for Conjunction, Negation, and Disjunction [237] --
III. Implications and Material Implication [245] --
IV. Argument Forms and Arguments [253] --
V. Statement Forms and Statements [264] --
VI. The Paradoxes of Material Implication [269] --
VII. The Three “Laws of Thought” [271] --
Chapter Nine. Evaluating Extended Arguments [274] --
I. Formal Proof of Validity [274] --
II. Proof of Invalidity [292] --
III. Inconsistency [295] --
Chapter Ten. Propositional Functions [302] --
I. Singular Propositions [302] --
II. Quantification [305] --
III. Traditional Subject-Predicate Propositions [308] --
IV. Proving Validity [315] --
V. Proving Invalidity [323] --
VI. Asyllogistic Inference [327] --
PART THREE. INDUCTION --
Chapter Eleven. Analogy and Probable Inference [337] --
I. Argument by Analogy [337] --
II. Appraising Analogical Arguments [343] --
Chapter Twelve. Causal Connections: Mill’s Methods of Experimental Inquiry [355] --
I. The Meaning of “Cause” [355] --
II. Mill’s Methods [363] --
III. Criticisms of Mill’s Methods [392] --
IV. Vindication of Mill’s Methods [401] --
Chapter Thirteen. Science and Hypothesis [416] --
I. The Values of Science [416] --
II. Explanations: Scientific and Unscientific [419] --
III. Evaluating Scientific Explanations [426] --
IV. The Detective as Scientist [433] --
V. Scientists in Action: The Pattern of Scientific Investigation [445] --
VI. Crucial Experiments and Ad Hoc Hypotheses [451] --
VII. Classification as Hypothesis [459] --
Chapter Fourteen. Probability [474] --
I. Alternative Conceptions of Probability [474] --
II. The Probability Calculus [479] --
Index [501] --
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